Pahlavi 1941 1979, the shah of iran and forced him to leave the country. The form of government of iran is that of an islamic republic, endorsed by the people of iran on the basis of their longstanding belief in the sovereignty of truth and quranic justice, in the referendum of farvardin 9 and 10 in the year 58 of the solar islamic calendar, corresponding to jamadi alawwal 1 and 2 in the year 99 of the lunar islamic. Context this report is the second in a series of publications on shia extremism that the tony blair institute for global change will release throughout 2019. The new constitution was to guarantee that the monarchy was abolished and the islamic republic system of government was enforced in its place. How 1979 changed the world, tony blair institute for global change, 11 february 2019. The legitimation of the clergys right to rule in the iranian. This section contains all the modern state constitutions of iran, starting with 1906. Irans constitutional law after the 1979 islamic revolution this chapter critically examines the viewpoints of khomeini, shariati and bazargan and their. Political participation in iran from the constitutional. Constitution of the islamic republic of iran 1979, as. December 1979 iranian constitutional referendum background.
These topic pages provide a quick overview and easy access to all content that can be found on ace for any give topic of interest weather encyclopaedia files. Constitution of the islamic republic of iran foundation for. In 1979, the current constitution of the islamic republic of iran was adopted by a nationwide referendum. A new constitution of the islamic republic of iran was adopted in 1979. The constitution of the islamic republic of iran qanuni asasiyi jomhuiriyi islkmiyi iran has replaced iran s first constitution.
In order to attain the objectives specified in article 2, the government of the islamic republic of iran has the duty of directing all its resources to the following goals. A comparative overview of the iranian constitutions of. Iran and the constitutionalism fiu digital commons florida. The constitution of the islamic republic of iran is a declaration of the social, cultural, political, and economic foundations of the iranian society based on islamic principles and norms that re. This dissertation will analyze and contend that the islamic republic of iran after the 1979 revolution can provide stability in the gulf region. This basic aspiration was made explicit by the very nature of the great islamic. Iranian constitution project gutenberg selfpublishing. May 16, 2017 the iranian constitution also makes clear that iran is on a mission to rid the world of foreign domination and oppression. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
Nov 08, 20 the constitution of the islamic republic of iran sets forth the cultural, social, political, and economic institutions of iranian society on the basis of islamic principles and norms, which represent the earnest aspiration of the islamic ummah. It provides that other islamic denominations are to be accorded full respect. Iranian constitution 1906 pdf download download iranian constitutioniranian constitutional revolutioniranian constitution 1906iranian constitution 1979iranian. Irans 1906 constitution foundation for iranian studies. The legislation passed by irans parliament in order to ratify the crc echoes this reservation and only adopts the convention into irans legal. Irans constitutional revolution flashcards quizlet.
Iran has democratic institutions such as parliament and constitution, but the configuration of them does not make up a liberal democracy. The state of iran is an islamic republic that the iranian nation, based on the traditional faith in the government of truth and justice revealed in the quran, following the victory of the islamic revolution led by ayatollah aluzma lmam khomeini, approved with the. The constitution has been called a hybrid of theocratic and democratic elements. The referendum was held by the council of the islamic revolution, because bazargans interim governmentwhich oversaw the previous referendumhad. English translation at international constitutional law, under iran. Iran islamic republic ofs constitution of 1979 with amendments. Shortly after the establishment of the republic, a draft constitution passed in a public referendum on december 3rd, 1979 by 65% of the voters.
The constitution states that jaafari twelver shia islam is the official state religion. History of the iranian constitutionalism complete history of iranian constitution and constitutionalist revolution history of the iranian constitutionalism 2 books. Constitution of the islamic republic of iran 1979, as amended. On the one hand, it has embraced the traditional islamic teachings. The constitution of the islamic republic of iran was adopted by referendum on 2 and 3 december 1979, and went into force replacing the constitution of 1906. Khomeini had charged the provisional government with the task of drawing up a draft constitution.
With this great victory, the rise of the islamic government that was the long. General principles article 4 islamic principle all civil, penal, financial, economic, administrative, cultural, military, political, and other laws and regulations must be based on islamic criteria. The constitution of the islamic republic of iran persian. Iran constitution of 1906 wikisource, the free online. It mentions the word democracy only once in the preamble.
The constitution was amended four times, in accordance with the dictates of the pahlavi family, in 1925, 1949, 1957, and 1967. Iran constitution of 1906 wikisource, the free online library. The result was a victory for the islamic republican party. Constitution of the islamic republic of iran unlv faculty sites.
Download the constitution of iran books, with the recent landslide election victory of the reformist president khatami in iran, the relationship between religion and politics in islam is likely to change dramatically. The supplement motammem to the constitution qanune asasi, lit. Mar 20, 2021 as translated in the persian revolution of 19051909 1910 amendments were made in 1949, 1963, and in 1967. Iran s 1906 constitution constitution and its supplement the fundamental law of persia promulgated in the reign of the late muzaffaruddin shah and ratified by him on dhulqada 14, a. In 1979, the islamic republic of iran became the first country in the world to include a dec laration for the preservation of the environment in its constitution. Jul 26, 2017 the islamic republic of iran was established in 1979 by ayatollah khomeini after months of collective uprisings by the iranian people against muhammed reza shah, then the ruling shah of iran. However, main democratic procedures and rights are subordinate to the guar.
Part 6, part 7, part 8, part 9 tarikhe mashruteye iran. Iran islamic republic ofs constitution of 1979 with amendments through 1989 gettranslationconstitutions. Article 1 the form of government of iran is that of an islamic republic, endorsed by the people of iran on the basis of their longstanding belief in the sovereignty of truth and quranic justice, in the referendum of farwardin 9 and 10 in the year 58 of the solar islamic calendar, corresponding to jamadi alawwal 1 and 2 in the year 99 of the lunar islamic calendar march 29 and 30, 1979. Constitution of the third repubuc of ghana promulgation decree, 1979 2 the said constitution shall have the force of jaw. First, the major procedural question was the ratification method of the constitution. Velayate faqih in the constitution of iran penn law.
Revolution of iran, as well as the course of the muslim peoples struggle, from its. Constitution of the islamic republic of iran 1980 edition. The constitution of the islamic republic of iran sets forth the cultural, social, political, and economic institutions of the iranian society on the basis of islamic principles and norms, which represent the earnest aspiration of the islamic ummah. While the shah was while the shah was known as a darling to the west, he tried to authoritarian modernize too rapidly. Politics and the state in the islamic republic schirazi, asghar on. In the iranian constitution of 1979 said saffari in the course of recreating a new constitution for the islamic republic of iran, there were a number of crucial debates concerning legitimacy, represen tation, concepts of democracy, and the relations between temporal and reli gious power. This chapter outlines the history of the 30 years between the iranian revolution of 1978.
The constitution notes that the islamic revolution reflects an attempt, also made by other islamic and democratic movements, to open the way for the. Human rights legislation in egypt and iran university of. Constitution of the islamic republic encyclopaedia iranica. Jan 19, 2011 the form of government of iran is that of an islamic republic, endorsed by the people of iran on the basis of their longstanding belief in the sovereignty of truth and koranic justice, in the referendum of 29 and 30 march 1979, through the affirmative vote of a majority of 98. The adoption of the new constitution was the second major development after the seizure of power by the revolutionary forces in tehran on february 11, 1979, and the fall of the government of shahpur. We have sent our apostles with veritable signs and brought down with them scriptures and the scales of justice, so that men might conduct themselves with fairness. But see homa omid, islam and the postrevolutionary state of iran 40. Therefore, one has to draw from competing theories.
From the theory of islamic republicanism to practice, 19792009. Constitutions and constitutional debates iran data portal. Constitution of the islamic republic of iran 1979 chapter i. Iran is a constitutional islamic republic, whose political system is laid out in the 1979 constitution called qanune asasi. The referendum was held by the council of the islamic revolution, because bazargans interim governmentwhich oversaw the previous referendumhad resigned in protest to the u. The constitution was to observe the islamic and the nationalistic aims of the. The constitution of the islamic republic of iran sets forth the cultural, social, political, and economic institutions of iranian society on the basis of islamic principles and norms, which represent the earnest aspiration of the islamic ummah. The constitution of the islamic republic of iran iran human. S ep t em b 1er, 979 printing of constitution, constituent assembly dissolved.
From the 1905 constitutional movement to the 1979 revolution, iran has undergone. Constitution, democracy vs theocracy, sharia law, globalization, fundamentalism, separation of powers 1. Iran islamic republic ofs constitution of 1979 with. The iranian revolution of 1978 1979 violently e nded the monarchy of shah mohammed reza pahlavi 19191980 and replaced it with an islamic republic, the theocracy of ayatollah ruhollah. The form of government of iran is that of an islamic republic, endorsed by the people of iran on the basis of their longstanding belief in the sovereignty of truth and quranic justice, in the referendum of farwardin 9 and 10 in the year 58 of the solar islamic calendar, corresponding to jamadialawwal 1 and 2 in the year 99 of the lunar. Qanuni asasi 1979 by iran, 1980, mizan press edition, in english. This means that the west has failed to understand how far tehran is willing to go to export the revolution and spread the ideology. Preamble to the 1979 iranian constitution original electronic texts at the international constitutional law web site. Introduction the current iranian constitution, adopted since the islamic revolution in 1979, is clearly and uniquely two documents with two perspectives.
The amendment of the constitution in 1989, abolished the post of the prime minister. No law that contradicts this constitution shall be enacted. December 1979 iranian constitutional referendum wikimili. Theoretically, the constitution of 1906, with its later supplements and amendments, remained in force until the triumph of the islamic revolution in february 1979.
The fundamentals of irans islamic revolution institute for. Egyptian and iranian human rights laws in the areas of womens rights. This aspiration was exemplified by the nature of the great islamic revolution of iran, and by the course of the muslim peoples struggle, from its beginning until. Constitution of the islamic republic of iran icit digital. On 3 december 1979, almost one year after mohammad reza shah pahlavi left iran, the constitution of the islamic republic of iran replaced the monarchical constitution of 1906.
Most disturbing is article 154 of the constitution which clarifies that the islamic republic of iran considers the attainment of independence, freedom, and rule of justice and truth to be the right of all people of the. The constitution was then ratified in a referendum held during december 23, 1979. Between the establishment of the islamic republic of iran and the final ratification of the constitution, the iranian debate centered on two fundamental issues in particular. Khomeinis concept of velayatefaqih rule by a supreme islamic jurisprudent, or supreme leader was enshrined in the constitution that was adopted in a public referendum in december 1979. Pdf civil liberties and the making of irans first constitution. Preamble to the 1979 iranian constitution hanover college.
Oct 05, 2010 iran s 1979 constitution attempted to bring together these two notions of republican governance and religious authority. Without this understanding, iran policy will remain ineffectual, and western comprehension of the nature of the threat posed by many iran. Exporting the revolution in irans constitution and the mahdi. Any text in any regional constitutions or any other legal text that contradicts this constitution shall be considered void. A step in this direction was taken on march 30 and 31, 1979, when a national referendum was held to determine the kind of political system to be established. The constitution of islamic republic of iran in the name of god, the compassionate, the merciful. Having compared the 19067 constitution of iran with a good number of others, it is very. Constitution of the islamic republic of iran wikipedia. During the revolution of 1979 a new constitution was promulgated. A comparative overview of the iranian constitutions of 1906. The constitution of the islamic republic of iran advances the cultural, social, political, and economic institutions of iranian society based on islamic principles and norms, which represent an honest aspiration of the islamic ummah. Qanuni asasi 1979 by iran, 1981, islamic propagation organization edition, in english the constitution of the islamic republic of iran. Pdf comparative studies of south asia, africa and the middle east 25. The constitution of the islamic republic pays lip service to equality and especially to social justice, and it guarantees freedom of.
December 1979 iranian constitutional referendum wikipedia. The iranian constitution columbia international affairs online. A guide to the legal system of the islamic republic of iran. Constitution of the islamic republic encyclopaedia. Iran islamic republic ofs constitution of 1979 with amendments through 1989. The constitution of the islamic republic of iran bespeaking the cultural, social, political and economic organs of the iranian society, is based on. This constitution is the preeminent and supreme law in iraq and shall be binding in all parts of iraq without exception. February 12 and, 1979 witnessed the collapse of the. Iran islamic republic of s constitution of 1979 with. Electoral assistance division ead ine instituto nacional electoral.
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